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Elemental Damage is a collective term for the nine major types of damage used in the Diablo series. Sometimes, the term is meant to exclude Physical and/or Magic Damage, and each game has defined the elements slightly differently. Resistances and Immunity can protect both monsters and heroes from specific elements. In some games Elemental Damage Bonuses can be obtained to increase damage done with a specific element.

Elements

Fire   Cold   Lightning   Poison   Arcane   Holy

Diablo I Diablo II Diablo III Diablo IV
Physical
Fire
Lightning
Magic Damage
Cold
Poison
Holy
Arcane
Shadow

Arcane and Holy count as one damage type for the purpose of Resistances, presumably due to the extreme rarity of monsters dealing Holy damage. In Diablo I and Diablo II, they are collectively labeled Magic Damage, a catch-all category for magical (non-Physical) damage that isn't one of the classic element types or Poison.

Diablo III[]

In Diablo III, many items can roll increased damage of all skills of a specific damage type. Normally Bracers and Amulets can do so. A Smart Loot drop for a class will only roll the damage types this class can use, for instance, only Fire, Cold, Lightning and Arcane for WizardsConvention of the Elements Legendary Ring is unique in that it boosts all damage types fit for the current class, cycling between them and augmenting each for 5 seconds before switching to the next one.

Weapons often roll +(A-B)-(X-Y) Elemental Damage, meaning that each attack will add that amount of damage to the base weapon damage, of the specific type (either of the seven, including Physical, although Cold damage ranges are generally slightly less on lower levels, to compensate for the ability to Chill on hit). Interestingly, each hit of that weapon will have a chance (equal to Proc Coefficient of the skill) to count as having double damage type, if those of the elemental damage on weaponry and of the skill itself do not match. This is important for skills like Elemental Exposure or Tal Rasha's Elements set. It becomes especially evident when you see the Critical Hit death animations.

Many skills and attributes require a specific damage type to be used. It is a popular tactic to stack bonus damage of the same type, choosing skills that use the same damage type (commonly called by the selected damage type name, for example, 'Arcane build' or 'Fire build'), thereby effectively boosting all damage done. Even in single damage type builds, some skills are taken with a specific Crowd Control or stat buffing rune, even if that rune has a weaker damage type (as for those skills, their secondary effects are more important than plain damage).

ElemDmgStat

As of Patch 2.0.6., the effective damage with the elemental skill bonuses can be seen in the Details tab, Offense section.

There are five amulets in Diablo III that can make characters entirely immune to one non-Physical damage type:

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